Milestone map
Milestone map
3 milestones
Capture and Analyse Network Traffic for Security Indicators
6–10 weeks
Use Wireshark to capture real network traffic and identify at least five types of security-relevant events: an unencrypted credential, a DNS request to a suspicious domain pattern, an ARP spoofing indicator, an unusual port scan pattern, and a cleartext sensitive data transfer. For each event, document: what was observed, why it is a security concern, and what the correct countermeasure is.
Proof required
Submit: five Wireshark captures (pcap files) each demonstrating one security-relevant event, with a written analysis (at least 150 words per event) documenting what was observed, why it is a security concern, and the correct countermeasure; and evidence the captures are from real traffic in a controlled environment you own — not downloaded sample pcap files. A security practitioner, network engineer, or CS lecturer with security experience must confirm the analyses are accurate.
What gets checked
- Five distinct capture files — each showing a different security-relevant event
- Captures are from real traffic in a controlled environment you own — not downloaded sample files
- A security practitioner has confirmed the analyses and countermeasures are accurate
Common mistakes
- Using downloaded sample pcap files rather than capturing traffic from a controlled environment
- Analyses that name the security concern without explaining why the observed traffic pattern indicates it
Resources
Foundationstart here
Depthgo deeper
What a verifier looks for
- Are the captures from a controlled environment — not downloaded samples?
- Does each analysis explain why the traffic pattern is a security concern — not just name the concern?
- Ask: 'why does ARP spoofing work despite ARP being a Layer 2 protocol?' — tests understanding of the protocol mechanism
Conduct a Network Security Assessment on a Controlled Target
8–14 weeks (after milestone 1)
Set up a deliberately vulnerable network environment (using a local VM running Metasploitable 2, DVWA, or equivalent) and conduct a structured network security assessment: network enumeration (nmap), service fingerprinting, vulnerability identification, and one controlled exploitation on the target you own. Document each phase in a structured report.
Proof required
Submit: a structured network security assessment report (at least 800 words) covering network enumeration, service fingerprinting, vulnerability identification, and one controlled exploitation — each section with findings, methodology, and screenshots of your own terminal and target; and evidence the assessment was on a system you own (VM IP address in a private range, VM setup documentation). A security practitioner or penetration tester must review and confirm the methodology is sound.
What gets checked
- Assessment is on a system you own — private range IP, VM setup documentation included
- Report covers all four phases with findings, methodology, and screenshots from your terminal
- A security practitioner or penetration tester has confirmed the methodology is sound
Common mistakes
- Assessment conducted on a system you do not own — all testing must be on systems you control
- Report that describes tools used without documenting the specific findings from the assessment
Resources
Foundationstart here
Depthgo deeper
What a verifier looks for
- Is the assessment on a system you own — private range IP, VM documentation?
- Does the report document actual findings from each phase — not describe the tools used?
- Ask: 'what would an attacker do next after the exploitation step in your report?' — tests understanding of the kill chain
Write a Security Assessment Report and Present Findings
4–8 weeks (after milestone 2)
Write a professional-quality security assessment report for the controlled network you assessed in milestone 2: executive summary, technical findings (severity-ranked), evidence appendix, and remediation recommendations. Present the report to a security practitioner or penetration tester who challenges the severity ratings and remediations.
Proof required
Submit: a professional security assessment report (at least 1,000 words) with executive summary, severity-ranked findings with CVSS scores, evidence appendix, and remediation recommendations; and a recording or transcript of a presentation to a security practitioner who challenged at least two severity ratings or remediations.
What gets checked
- Findings include CVSS scores with justification for each severity rating
- Remediation recommendations are specific and actionable — not generic advice
- A security practitioner challenged at least two severity ratings or remediations in the documented presentation
Common mistakes
- CVSS scores assigned without justification — the score must be derived from the specific vulnerability attributes
- Remediations that say 'patch the system' without specifying the specific patch, configuration, or design change
Resources
Foundationstart here
Depthgo deeper
What a verifier looks for
- Do findings include CVSS scores with justified severity ratings?
- Are remediation recommendations specific — not generic 'patch the system'?
- Were at least two severity ratings or remediations challenged in the documented presentation?