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Design a real biological investigation from scratch: state a testable hypothesis, identify independent and dependent variables, define controls, justify sample size using a power analysis or reasoning from published literature, and document ethics considerations for living organisms or human participants. The proof is the complete experimental design document reviewed and approved by a working biologist BEFORE data collection begins — the biologist confirms that the design is methodologically sound and the hypothesis is genuinely testable. For students without lab access, the design may be for a secondary data analysis study using a named publicly available dataset (GBIF, NCBI SRA, iNaturalist) — the design document requirements are identical: hypothesis, variables, sampling methodology, statistical analysis plan. The design precedes data collection; this is a genuine prerequisite, not a formality.